Search results for "Carbon Footprint"
showing 10 items of 39 documents
Rolling resistance and traffic delay impact on a road pavement life cycle carbon footprint analysis
2017
The application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to road pavements has been continuously evolving and improving over the last years, however there are several limitations and uncertainties in the introduction of some components in the framework, such as road pavement rolling resistance—in terms of pavement surface properties—and traffic delay during maintenance activities. This paper analyses the influence of methodological assumptions and the model used to estimate the increased emissions for traffic delay and road pavement rolling resistance on the results of an LCA. The Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions related to these two phases of a pavement LCA will be calculated for a UK case study, us…
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Plants on a Plantwide Scale: Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis
2016
This paper presents the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of a mathematical model for greenhouse gas emission (GHG) and energy consumption assessment in wastewater treatment plants. A sensitivity analysis was carried out (using two different methods) to determine which model factors have the greatest effect on the predicted values of the GHG production. Further, an uncertainty analysis was carried out to quantify the uncertainty of the key model outputs, such as carbon dioxide production from activated sludge treatment. The results show that influent fractionation factors, which characterize influent composition, have an important role on direct and indirect GHGs production and emission.…
A sustainable on-line CapLC method for quantifying antifouling agents like irgarol-1051 and diuron in water samples: Estimation of the carbon footpri…
2016
In this work, in-tube solid phase microextraction (in-tube SPME) coupled to capillary LC (CapLC) with diode array detection has been reported, for on-line extraction and enrichment of booster biocides (irgarol-1051 and diuron) included in Water Frame Directive 2013/39/UE (WFD). The analytical performance has been successfully demonstrated. Furthermore, in the present work, the environmental friendliness of the procedure has been quantified by means of the implementation of the carbon footprint calculation of the analytical procedure and the comparison with other methodologies previously reported. Under the optimum conditions, the method presents good linearity over the range assayed, 0.05-1…
Comparative life cycle impact assessment of electric and conventional bus in Vietnam
2022
Transportation is one of the key sectors causing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and air pollution. With the substantial increase in passenger and freight transportation, the corresponding GHG emissions and air pollutants are expected to increase significantly. Recent global and national policies are targeting at reducing environmental impacts of transportation activities. The promotion of public transportation and development of electric buses (e-buses) will reduce the use of fossil fuels in transportation, and consequently, reduce GHG emissions. This study assesses the life cycle GHG emissions and other environmental impacts of e-bus, and compares them with those of conventional bus operat…
The carbon footprint of a knowledge organization and emission scenarios for a post-COVID-19 world
2021
Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The looming climate crisis requires an immediate response, in which organizations, as major contributors, should play a central role. However, these organizations need appropriate tools to measure and mitigate their climate impacts. One commonly applied method is carbon footprint analysis. Carbon footprint analyses have been conducted for various types of organizations, but knowledge organizations, such as universities and research institutes, have received far less attention, because their carbon footprint is often less visible and can be easily underestimated. This study is based on the carbon footprint analysis of one multinational knowledge organization. This…
A Life Cycle Environmental Impact Comparison between Traditional, Hybrid, and Electric Vehicles in the European Context
2021
Global warming (GW) and urban pollution focused a great interest on hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) as cleaner alternatives to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). The environmental impact related to the use of both ICEV and HEV mainly depends on the fossil fuel used by the thermal engines, while, in the case of the BEV, depends on the energy sources employed to produce electricity. Moreover, the production phase of each vehicle may also have a relevant environmental impact, due to the manufacturing processes and the materials employed. Starting from these considerations, the authors carried out a fair comparison of the environmental …
An Algorithm for Optimal Sizing of BESS in Smart Islands Energy Communities: the Case of Pantelleria
2021
Energy Communities (EC) are a promising solution to reduce both the carbon footprint and the impact of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) on the distribution grid. Based on a simple energy sharing principle, EC can be decisive in the next future energy transition of some problematic territories, like small islands not supplied by the main power grid. By integrating Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), it is possible to improve the EC performance. However, due to the still high BESSs unit prices, the goal of this work is to find the optimal size of BESSs, under various conditions, which combines the need to maximize shared energy and the possible revenue of EC actors. To set this multi-objecti…
Impatti energetico-ambientali (e carbon footprint) del settore agroalimentare: il caso studio di tre prodotti siciliani
2017
La sostenibilità ambientale della filiera agro – alimentare è di primaria importanza per il raggiungimento degli obiettivi europei in tema di clima ed energia, considerato che il settore è responsabile di elevati consumi energetici e impatti ambientali. In tale contesto, nel presente lavoro è stata applicata la metodologia Life Cycle Assessment allo scopo di stimare gli impatti energetico – ambientali di tre tipologie di prodotti coltivati in aree di interesse naturalistico: la provola delle Madonie, il pane di Monreale e un olio monovarietale siciliano.
Emerging Standards and the Hybrid Model for Organizing Scientific Events During and After The COVID-19 Pandemic
2020
AbstractSince the beginning of 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has dramatically influenced almost every aspect of human life. Activities requiring human gatherings have either been postponed, canceled, or held completely virtually. To supplement lack of in-person contact, people have increasingly turned to virtual settings online, advantages of which include increased inclusivity and accessibility and a reduced carbon footprint. However, emerging online technologies cannot fully replace in-person scientific events. In-person meetings are not susceptible to poor Internet connectivity problems, and they provide novel opportunities for socialization, creating new collaboratio…
Quantifying Excess Deaths Related to Heatwaves under Climate Change Scenarios: A multicountry time series modelling study
2018
Background: Heatwaves are a critical public health problem. There will be an increase in the frequency and severity of heatwaves under changing climate. However, evidence about the impacts of climate change on heatwave-related mortality at a global scale is limited. Methods and findings: We collected historical daily time series of mean temperature and mortality for all causes or nonexternal causes, in periods ranging from January 1, 1984, to December 31, 2015, in 412 communities within 20 countries/regions. We estimated heatwave–mortality associations through a two-stage time series design. Current and future daily mean temperature series were projected under four scenarios of greenhouse g…